Traumatic myiasis agents in Iran with introducing of new dominant species, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study agents of animal wound myiasis in various geographical districts of Fars province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study has been done in Fars province, located in the southern part of Iran. Sums of 10 358 domestic animals have been visited from April 2011 to March 2012. The infected wounds in any parts of animal body were sampled by means of forceps.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>About 61% of all animal wound myiasis were caused by larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica. The most wound myiasis cases due to this species occurred in central part of Fars province. There wasn't any significant difference between sheep and goat in infestation with myiasis (P>0.05). The infestation rate of myiasis in cattle community was 0.86%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The infestation rate of livestock was lower than other works in Iran and some other countries like Saudi Arabia. Chrysomya bezziana has been mentioned as main myiasis agent in Iran. But in this study it cleared that similarly to some European countries, the common animal myiasis agent in Iran is Wohlfahrtia magnifica. Introducing new species as principal agent for myiasis can help public health and animal husbandry policy makers to prepare sufficient and effective control and/or preventive measures for this disease.</p>

Traumatic myiasis agents in Iran with introducing of new dominant species, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)

Objective: To study agents of animal wound myiasis in various geographical districts of Fars province. Methods: This study has been done in Fars province, located in the southern part of Iran. Sums of 10 358 domestic animals have been visited from April 2011 to March 2012. The infected wounds in any parts of animal body were sampled by means of forceps. Results: About 61% of all animal wound myiasis were caused by larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica. The most wound myiasis cases due to this species occurred in central part of Fars province. There wasn't any significant difference between sheep and goat in infestation with myiasis (P>0.05). The infestation rate of myiasis in cattle community was 0.86%. Conclusions: The infestation rate of livestock was lower than other works in Iran and some other countries like Saudi Arabia. Chrysomya bezziana has been mentioned as main myiasis agent in Iran. But in this study it cleared that similarly to some European countries, the common animal myiasis agent in Iran is Wohlfahrtia magnifica. Introducing new species as principal agent for myiasis can help public health and animal husbandry policy makers to prepare sufficient and effective control and/or preventive measures for this disease.

Isolation of Pathogenic Bacteria on the House Fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera：Muscidae), Body Surface in Ahwaz Hospitals, Southwestern Iran

Objective: There is abundant opportunity for house fly, Musca domestica, to become contaminated and, in turn, to contaminate the patient environment. This study has been conducted with the aim of isolating and identifying the probable pathogenic inoculations of the flies in three hospitals in Ahwaz County, Khuzestan province, south-west of Iran. Methods: Adult flies were collected by means of insect net and then transferrs to lab for microbiological process.Results:Totally on all house fly samples the bacteria genus Pseudomonas and Esherichia coli had the significantly highest rate of infection (P<0.05). The genera Klebsiella, Bacillus, and Diphtroid has significant lowest rate of infection. Hot and humid weather of the Khuzestan province which is host of patients coming from far localities for hospitalization, provide suitable conditions for housefly activities during the year. Conclusions: Thus suitable and applicable control methods such as environmental sanitations should be implemented for hospital environment in Ahwaz County.

modified trap for adult sampling of medically important flies [insecta: diptera]

Bait-trapping appears to be a generally useful method of studying fly populations. The aim of this study was to construct a new adult flytrap by some modifications in former versions and to evaluate its applicability in a subtropical zone in southern Iran. The traps were constructed with modification by adding some equipment to a polyethylene container [18× 20× 33 cm] with lid. The fresh sheep meat was used as bait. Totally 27 adult modified traps were made and tested for their efficacies to attract adult flies. The experiment was carried out in a range of different topographic areas of Fars Province during June 2010. The traps were able to attract various groups of adult flies belonging to families of: Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, and Faniidae. The species of Calliphora vicina [Diptera: Calliphoridae], Sarcophaga argyrostoma [Diptera: Sarcophagidae] and Musca domestica [Diptera: Muscidae] include the majority of the flies collected by this sheep-meat baited trap. This adult flytrap can be recommended for routine field sampling to study diversity and population dynamics of flies where conducting of daily collection is difficult

Persistence and residue activity of deltamethrin on indoor residual spraying surfaces against malaria vectors in southeastern Iran

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of deltamethrin and find a relation between persistence and residue of this insecticide on the prevalent surfaces against malaria vectors in southeastern Iran. Methods:After indoor residual spraying on prevalent surfaces in studied areas (plaster and mud as absorbent surfaces, wood as non absorbent surface and filter paper as control) for malaria control, conical tests as a bioassay method and chromatographic method as an analytical method were used for evolution of persistence and residue of deltamethrin insecticide. Results were investigated statistically by ANOVA and Tukey-HSD tests for determining relations or differences between residue and persistence of deltamethrin. Results:According to the results, there was no significant difference between mortality rates from bioassay tests on different surfaces, and deltamethrin kept its utility to malaria vector control until 120 days after indoor residual spraying on these surfaces. In the case of residue, there was no significant relation between residue amounts and mortality rates on different surfaces, whereas this relation existed between residual amounts on filter papers and mortality rates from bioassay tests. Conclusions: This study shows that measurement of residue in filter papers is a suitable tool for evolution and dictum of efficiency of deltamethrin insecticide in indoor residual spraying for malaria control.